化学防治 Chemical prevention and control
防治必须以昆虫生态学为基础,以治本清源,清除孳生环境为主,辅以孳生场所控制、化学药物防治等。同时应明确防治靶矢对象的种类,针对性地进行科学防治,本着本标兼治而以治本为主,以及有效、安全,对环境无害的原则,因地和因时制宜的对害虫综合采用环境防治、化学防治、物理防制、生物防治或其他有效手段等,组成一套完整系统的防治措施,运用国家政策基本方针和方法予以实施,把防治对象种群控制不足为害水平。
Pests prevention and control should be based on insect ecology.
Major efforts should be put on cleaning up the breeding grounds
of pests, with chemical prevention and control assisted. At the
same time a set of systematic prevention and control methods combining
environmental, chemical, physical and biological means should
be established to deal with pests according to time and places
based on the principle of “effective, safe and environment-friendly”.
With these measures adopted according to basic policies of the
state, the specific termite colony can be controlled at a harmless
state.
在目前的环境情况下,化学防治仍是一个必不可少的重要措施。化学防治是指使用天然或合成的药物(高效、低毒、环保),以不同的剂型(粉剂、乳剂、水悬剂、颗粒剂等),通过不同途径(胃毒、触杀、内吸等)毒杀或驱赶害虫,使害虫因接触或吞食药剂而中毒死亡,或者因此而产生忌避作用而不能侵入危害。总体设计为:通过对各易为害虫侵入、生存之部位全面施药,设置土壤水平屏障、竖向屏障,将两者相连而成一完整的化学土壤屏障体系,创建不利于害虫滋生的环境条件,确保不受害虫侵害。
Under current conditions, chemical prevention and control is
still an indispensable measure. It use natural or synthesized
chemicals (effective, low toxicity and environment friendly) of
different formulations (powder concentrate, emulsiflable concentrate,
suspension concentrate and granule concentrate, etc.) to poison
or drive away pests by different means (stomach toxicity, touching
out and in-hale, etc.). The general plan is to apply chemicals
to places haunted by pests, set up horizontal and vertical soil
screens and then integrate them into a complete chemical soil
screen system and create environment conditions unfavorable for
existence of pests, so as to get rid of the pests.
当前我国使用的化学药剂对害虫进行防治,另一问题倍受注重,就是在使用药剂进行害虫防治同时,不能忽略对环境资源的保护。一切的化合物都具有毒素,当施药隐埋后应考虑到农药对土壤、水体降解过程中,药剂施用毒土形成后的向下淋溶径流降解,当地下水位距地面6米范围内时,向下淋溶径流降解的农药就有可能对地下水造成污染,故所应持极其注重态度对待。
While adopting chemical prevention and control of pests the
protection of environment resources should not be overlooked.
When the poisonous pesticide is degraded, it is likely pollute
soil and water. If the underground water level is within 6 meters
to the ground, the eluviated pesticide may pollute the underground
water. Thus we have to be cautious when using pesticide
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